Working principle of a DC generator:
A direct current (DC) motor can be used as a DC generator without any constructional changes. According to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, whenever a conductor is placed in a varying current field (or a conductor is moved in a magnetic field) an EMF (electromagnetic force) is induced in the conductor. The EMF can be calculated from the equation of a DC generator. If the conductor id connected in a closed path, the induced current will circulate the closed path.
EMF equation of a DC generator:
P = number of field poles
Ø = flux produced per pole in Wb (weber)
Z = total no. of armature conductors
A = no. of parallel paths in armature
N = rotational speed of armature in revolutions per min. (rpm)
Therefore, Eg = PΦNZ / 60A
The basics purpose for gears
Gears are toothed wheels of all sizes that can be matched together. The purpose of gears is to increase or decrease the speed of rotation. To increase the speed a large gear is used to spin a gear of the smaller size. Every time the larger gear spins the smaller gear spins several times. If the opposite occurred spinning the smaller gear the larger gear would turn slower. This principle can be seen on a bicycle in the highest gear spins faster than when it is in the lowest gear because you are spinning the largest gear and the wheel, is connected to the smallest gear.
In the Regenerative Breaking project, gears were used so the wheel would not need to be spun at a high rate. Rather then spinning the wheel very fast, it can be spun at a slower rate and let the gear ratio spin the DC motor faster then the wheel is spinning.
Potentiometer
A potentiometer is a resistor with a rotating contact to adjust the amount of resistance. In the Regenerative Breaking project the potentiometer was used to adjust the amount of resistances being added to the resistors already in parallel. This was added to the circuit for the same reasons the resistors were to help the wheel come to a gradual stop rather than a sudden stop.
Resistor
A resistor is part of the circuit that controls the flow of current. By adding more resistors the flow of current decreases. In the Regenerative Breaking project the current through the circuit needed to be decreased so 7- 680 ohm resistors were added in parallel. The decreased current allowed the wheel to come to a stop but not as sudden as it was without any resistors.
A direct current (DC) motor can be used as a DC generator without any constructional changes. According to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, whenever a conductor is placed in a varying current field (or a conductor is moved in a magnetic field) an EMF (electromagnetic force) is induced in the conductor. The EMF can be calculated from the equation of a DC generator. If the conductor id connected in a closed path, the induced current will circulate the closed path.
 |
| Interior of a Motor |
EMF equation of a DC generator:
P = number of field poles
Ø = flux produced per pole in Wb (weber)
Z = total no. of armature conductors
A = no. of parallel paths in armature
N = rotational speed of armature in revolutions per min. (rpm)
Therefore, Eg = PΦNZ / 60A
The basics purpose for gears
Gears are toothed wheels of all sizes that can be matched together. The purpose of gears is to increase or decrease the speed of rotation. To increase the speed a large gear is used to spin a gear of the smaller size. Every time the larger gear spins the smaller gear spins several times. If the opposite occurred spinning the smaller gear the larger gear would turn slower. This principle can be seen on a bicycle in the highest gear spins faster than when it is in the lowest gear because you are spinning the largest gear and the wheel, is connected to the smallest gear.
 |
| Gears |
Potentiometer
A potentiometer is a resistor with a rotating contact to adjust the amount of resistance. In the Regenerative Breaking project the potentiometer was used to adjust the amount of resistances being added to the resistors already in parallel. This was added to the circuit for the same reasons the resistors were to help the wheel come to a gradual stop rather than a sudden stop.
Resistor
A resistor is part of the circuit that controls the flow of current. By adding more resistors the flow of current decreases. In the Regenerative Breaking project the current through the circuit needed to be decreased so 7- 680 ohm resistors were added in parallel. The decreased current allowed the wheel to come to a stop but not as sudden as it was without any resistors.
 |
| Design of the circuit |
No comments:
Post a Comment